RADIOACTIVE
Associated with emission of radioactive particles from a nucleus is atom.unsur Radioactive elements having atomic numbers above 83. Radioactivity is an atomic process atom spontaneously emits high-energy rays or particles from the nucleus. Radiochemical study the use of chemical techniques in studying radioactive materials and chemical effects of radiation, radioactive substances. Radioactivity is the phenomenon of particle emission and / or electromagnetic radiation by an unstable nucleus spontaneously.Radioactivity is the phenomenon of particle emission and / or electromagnetic radiation by an unstable nucleus spontaneously.
Radioactive decay is the set of various processes in which an unstable atomic nuclei emit subatomic particles (particle radiation). Decay occurs in a parent nucleus and produces a nucleus of children. This is a random process so it is difficult to predict the decay of an atom.
International unit (SI) for measurements of radioactive decay is the becquerel (Bq). If a radioactive material to produce a fruit decay events per one second, so the material is said to have the activity of one Bq. Because usually a sample of radioactive material contains many atoms, one becquerel will appear as a low level of activity; unit commonly used is in the order of gigabecquerels.
Neutrons and protons that make up atomic nuclei, visible as well as other particles, are governed by several interactions. The strong nuclear force, which was not observed at the macroscopic scale, is the strongest force at the subatomic scale. Legal Coulomb or electrostatic forces also have significant role on this measure. Weak nuclear force little impact on these interactions. Gravitational force has no effect on nuclear processes.
Interaction of these forces on the nuclei occurs with high complexity. There are properties owned by the arrangement of particles inside the atomic nucleus, if they are slightly shifted from their position, they can fall to lower energy arrangement. May be described with the tower a little sand on the beach that we make: when the friction between sand able to sustain the height of the tower, a disorder that comes from outside can release the force of gravity and make the tower collapsed.
The collapse of the tower (decay) requires a certain activation energy. In the case of a tower of sand, this energy comes from outside the system, can be kicked or shifted in the form of a hand. In the case of atomic nuclei decay, the activation energy is available from within. Quantum mechanical particle is never at rest, they continued to move randomly. Orderly movement of these particles can make the nucleus unstable immediately. The result of the changes will affect the composition of the nucleus, so this is included in nuclear reactions, in contrast to chemical reactions that involve only changes in the composition of the electrons outside the nucleus.
(Some nuclear reactions involving energy source that comes from outside, in the form of "collision" with foreign particles for example. However, this kind of reaction is not considered decay. Such reactions will usually be included in the nuclear fission / fusion nuclear.
(Some nuclear reactions involving energy source that comes from outside, in the form of "collision" with foreign particles for example. However, this kind of reaction is not considered decay. Such reactions will usually be included in the nuclear fission / fusion nuclear.
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